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A pilot study to examine maturation of body temperature control in preterm infants

OBJECTIVE: To test instrumentation and develop analytic models to use in a larger study to examine developmental trajectories of body temperature and peripheral perfusion from birth in extremely low-birth-weight (EBLW) infants.

DESIGN: A case study design.

SETTING: The study took place in a Level 4 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in North Carolina.

PARTICIPANTS: Four ELBW infants, fewer than 29 weeks gestational age at birth.

A Quantitative Examination of Extreme Facial Pain Expression in Neonates: The Primal Face of Pain across Time

Many pain assessment tools for preschool and school-aged children are based on facial expressions of pain. Despite broad use, their metrics are not rooted in the anatomic display of the facial pain expression. We aim to describe quantitatively the patterns of initiation and maintenance of the infant pain expression across an expressive cycle. We evaluated the trajectory of the pain expression of three newborns with the most intense facial display among 63 infants receiving a painful stimulus.

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